Title:
PM emissions from old and Modern Biomass Combustion Systems and their Health effects
Author(s):
Kelz, J., Brunner, T., Obernberger, I., Jalava, P., Hirvonen, M.-R.
Document(s):
Paper
Abstract:
In this paper the results of a project focusing on the determination as well as chemical and toxicological characterisation of PM emissions from the most relevant biomass based residential heating systems performed at the BIOENERGY 2020+ GmbH are presented. Seven modern state-of-the-art as well as old technology boilers and stoves have been investigated within test stand measurement campaigns. Whole day operation cycles simulating real life operation conditions were therefore simulated. Gaseous as well as particulate emissions were determined and representative particulate emission samples were taken for subsequent chemical analyses and toxicological tests. The results clearly indicate that modern automated biomass combustion systems emit fewer particles than uncontrolled natural draught systems. However, the by far highest emissions were measured for an old technology logwood boiler. It has been shown that clear correlations between CO and OGC emissions originating from incomplete combustion and the particulate emissions exist. Moreover, not only the PM emission factors increase with decreasing burnout quality but also the organic carbon and soot concentrations in the particles. The evaluation of the toxicological tests has revealed that also the cell responses seem to correlate with the burnout quality. While PM samples taken under good burnout conditions showed only minor responses which were clearly below those of diesel exhaust PM, the responses of particles emitted by the old technology logwood boiler exceeded even the response levels of diesel exhaust PM.
Keywords:
aerosol, biomass, chemical composition, combustion, small scale application
Topic:
Thermochemical conversion - Combustion for small scale applications
Subtopic:
Measurement and reduction of sintering, corrosion and particles emissions of small biomass combustion equipments
Event:
18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition
Session:
OA11.5
Pages:
1231 - 1243
ISBN-13:
978-88-89407-56-1
ISBN-10:
88-89407-56-5
Paper DOI:
10.5071/18thEUBCE2010-OA11.5
Price:
FREE
